Question

All of the following conditions can cause both acute and chronic liver disease EXCEPT:

A. Wilson’s disease

B. Budd-Chiari Syndrome

C. Hepatitis B infection

 D. Hepatitis A infection

E. Hepatitis E infection

Wilson’s disease, Budd-Chiari syndrome, autoimmune liver disease, hepatitis B, and hepatitis C can cause both acute and chronic liver disease, and thus they should be suspected in patients presenting with either acute or chronic liver disease or cirrhosis. Recent studies have shown that hepatitis E may cause chronic liver disease, especially in immunocompromised situations. The following conditions cause only chronic liver disease and cirrhosis, but never cause acute hepatitis or acute liver failure – PSC, PBC, NASH, NAFLD, and hemochromatosis. Hepatitis A only causes acute liver disease, but not chronic liver disease or cirrhosis.